Import & Export of Mine and Construction Materials

Pure minerals are rarely found in nature. Minerals are extracted in the form of a compound, also known as metal, and then made ready after being processed and refined. Minerals are usually found between plates in the deposit or vein form.

How do mines go on stream?

Several conditions should be met for the mines to go on stream. These conditions are given as follows:

Grade: The grade is the percentage of valuable elements inside the gem extracted from the mines or the compound. The gem's grade should be high enough for the mines to go on stream. If the grade does not lead to profit from a mine, that mine will not become operational.

Reservoir: Any gem that has not been refined or extracted from the beds or veins where they have been found. The reservoir should be found enough for the mine to become operational. Otherwise, the mine will not go on stream.

Delivery and Transportation: If the place for refining and transporting extracted gem is located at a far distance and transporting it will cost a lot, the mine will not become operational.

Funds: Enough funds are required to find the mines, extract and transport the minerals, and refine them. The mine will not become operational if the needed fund does not exist. This is one of the important reasons why least developed countries outsource the operation of their mines to developed countries.

Technical Information and Resources: Enough equipment and experienced personnel are needed to make the mines operational. A mine will not become operational as long as the staff lacks the necessary technical information and experience.

For selecting construction materials, the project architect, control engineer, and control architect should be included in the research step. The quantity of selected materials to be bought should be determined given the quantity estimated during research.

The material safety data sheet should be utilized for selecting materials. This form helps determine that the construction material does not contain any hazardous elements and it is safe. Any material that may put the work safety at risk and contain hazardous materials will be unfavorable. The compatibility of rough materials, including stone, rock, clay, gravel, sand, crushed stone, cement, building brick, gas concrete, blocks, timber, reinforcing bar, steel mesh, concrete nail, construction nail, mosaic, annealed wire, and suchlike are determined based General Technical Specification of the Ministry of Public Works.

The following construction materials are used in Turkey

Plaster – Plaster is the powdered form of stone. It is used to coat walls and ceilings and hardens by mixing with water.

Paint – Paints are available in various colors due to today's technology and are applied to both interior and exterior of a construction.

Glass – Glass can be manufactured by mixing silica sand and potassium carbonate, and heating and melting them at a high temperature. Glass has several characteristics, including fragility, transparency, solidness, and imperviousness.

Cement – This is part of the powdered-form construction material group and mixed with water, cement can create a strong bond to construct firm structures. Depending on the conditions, the cement hardening degree will change. Cement is one of the materials widely used in the construction industry.

Iron – This is placed between structural components of a building. Moreover, iron is utilized mixed with concrete to prevent the chance of slipping over reinforced concrete structures.

Natural Stones – Natural stones include minerals. The natural stones used in construction are called "natural building stones". In construction, they are used on the surface of the wall, ground, and roof.

Gas Concrete – The application and area of usage of gas concrete are highly wide, and they contain compressed air pores. This material is lighter than other construction materials.

Prepacked Concrete – It is a building material that can be shaped to the desired form by mixing aggregate, water, and cement. This firm material can withstand high pressures.

Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation – They include all the products used in the construction for heating, cooling, and ventilating the living spaces according to the climate. Products such as the radiator, air conditioner, and suchlike can be utilized for this end.

Roof – The roof is mainly constructed out of wood, steel, and concrete, and it covers the top side of the structure for protection against wind, snow, rain, and other unfavorable conditions.

Limestone – It is mainly used in the building sector and it hardens by mixing with water.

Plastic – Plastic is used for floor covering and plumbing in the building sector.

Brick and Tile – These are used for constructing walls using binder materials.

Insulating Materials – Glass fiber, rock wool, EPS, and XPS are used for thermal insulation, waterproofing, sound insulation, roof insulation, and suchlike.

Byproducts of Building Materials

Aluminum – Aluminum is a highly preferred building material since it is lightweight and can be easily worked with. It is the third most used metal after iron and steel and can easily transmit heat and electricity. Additionally, it has a high boiling point.

Elevator – Elevators can be found in any state-of-the-art apartments since the development of the construction sector, leading to the creation of its own sector.

Illumination – With the development of the building sector, illumination sources, as one of the leading technologies, have also become part of building materials.

Wood – Wood is one of the organic and fundamental construction materials, has numerous applications, and is from a natural source. It is also one of the oldest construction materials.